Male Eating Disorders Essay -- Psychology Health Illness

Eating Disorders in Males Eating disorders have traditionally been a â€Å"woman’s problem.† It has not been until recently that we have recognized the fact that males are suffering from these deadly disorders as well. It has been generally agreed upon that anywhere from five to 15 percent of all reported cases of eating disorders are attributed to men. This paper will examine its incidence in males and the physical and psychological aspects associated with having an eating disorder. First lets look at the history of eating disorders. The very first case of an eating disorder diagnosed was actually a male. In 1689, Dr. Richard Morton described a case of â€Å"nervous consumption† in a 16-year-old male and he was prescribed restraint from horseback riding and his studies. (Carlat, Camargo, & Herzog, 1997) In the 1700s the full plump female figure was considered to be the most beautiful because it showed a sign of wealth. It was not until the 1920s that smaller female figures seemed to be in vogue. It was during this time that women began to dress more â€Å"provocatively† in flapper dresses. The Barbie doll came out in the 1940s which put an absolutely unrealistic measuring stick up to little girls. The 1960s saw an upsurgance of anorexia when Twiggy, the gaunt British actress became popular. And recently our society has seen an increase in the incidence of eating disorders, especially in men. Now lets define anorexia nervosa and bulimia. According to the DSM-IV the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa are â€Å"body image distortion, amenorrhea, and intense fear of gaining weight, resulting in body weight that is at least 15% below that expected for age and height.† (Hausenblas & Carron, 1999) The definition for bulimia is less clear. Bulimia includes â€Å"self-evaluation that is unduly influenced by body shape or weight and recurrent episodes of uncontrollable binge eating†¦followed by inappropriate compensatory behavior undertaken to prevent weight gain.† (Hausenblas & Carrron, 1999) This compensatory behavior may include use of laxatives, diuretics, self-induced vomiting, strict dieting, fasting or inordinate exercising. Unlike anorexics, bulimics are usually at or above their body weight. These diseases may result in biological problems including amenorrhea for females, gonadotropin secretion in males, electrolyte imbalances, gastrointestinal disorders, endo... ...utchins, D.E., Getz, H.G., & Hayes, G.L. (2000). Male Anorexia Nervosa: A New Focus. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 22, 365-370. Goode, E. (2000). Thinner: The Male Battle With Anorexia. New York Times. 06/25/2000, Vol. 149, Issue 51430, Section 16, p8. Hausenblas, H.A., & Carron, A.V. (1999). Eating Disorder Indices and Athletes: An Integration. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 21, 230-258. McLorg, P.A. & Taub, D.E. (1992) Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia: The Development of Deviant Identities. In D.H. Kelly (Ed.), Deviant Behavior: A Text-Reader in the Sociology of Deviance. (pp. 203-214). New York: Worth Publishers. Phillpot, D., & Sheppard, G. (1998). More Than Mere Vanity. Guidance & Counseling. 13, 28-34. Romero, F. (1994). Adolescent Boys and Anorexia Nervosa. Adolescence. 29, 643-648. Shiltz, T. (2000). Males and Eating Disorders: Research. Eating Disorders Awareness and Prevention, Inc. Retrieved on November 18, 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.edap.org/edinfo/menresearch.html Zerbe, K.J. (1992) Eating Disorders in the 1990s: Clinical Challenges and Treatment Implications. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic. 56, 167-188. Male Eating Disorders Essay -- Psychology Health Illness Eating Disorders in Males Eating disorders have traditionally been a â€Å"woman’s problem.† It has not been until recently that we have recognized the fact that males are suffering from these deadly disorders as well. It has been generally agreed upon that anywhere from five to 15 percent of all reported cases of eating disorders are attributed to men. This paper will examine its incidence in males and the physical and psychological aspects associated with having an eating disorder. First lets look at the history of eating disorders. The very first case of an eating disorder diagnosed was actually a male. In 1689, Dr. Richard Morton described a case of â€Å"nervous consumption† in a 16-year-old male and he was prescribed restraint from horseback riding and his studies. (Carlat, Camargo, & Herzog, 1997) In the 1700s the full plump female figure was considered to be the most beautiful because it showed a sign of wealth. It was not until the 1920s that smaller female figures seemed to be in vogue. It was during this time that women began to dress more â€Å"provocatively† in flapper dresses. The Barbie doll came out in the 1940s which put an absolutely unrealistic measuring stick up to little girls. The 1960s saw an upsurgance of anorexia when Twiggy, the gaunt British actress became popular. And recently our society has seen an increase in the incidence of eating disorders, especially in men. Now lets define anorexia nervosa and bulimia. According to the DSM-IV the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa are â€Å"body image distortion, amenorrhea, and intense fear of gaining weight, resulting in body weight that is at least 15% below that expected for age and height.† (Hausenblas & Carron, 1999) The definition for bulimia is less clear. Bulimia includes â€Å"self-evaluation that is unduly influenced by body shape or weight and recurrent episodes of uncontrollable binge eating†¦followed by inappropriate compensatory behavior undertaken to prevent weight gain.† (Hausenblas & Carrron, 1999) This compensatory behavior may include use of laxatives, diuretics, self-induced vomiting, strict dieting, fasting or inordinate exercising. Unlike anorexics, bulimics are usually at or above their body weight. These diseases may result in biological problems including amenorrhea for females, gonadotropin secretion in males, electrolyte imbalances, gastrointestinal disorders, endo... ...utchins, D.E., Getz, H.G., & Hayes, G.L. (2000). Male Anorexia Nervosa: A New Focus. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 22, 365-370. Goode, E. (2000). Thinner: The Male Battle With Anorexia. New York Times. 06/25/2000, Vol. 149, Issue 51430, Section 16, p8. Hausenblas, H.A., & Carron, A.V. (1999). Eating Disorder Indices and Athletes: An Integration. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 21, 230-258. McLorg, P.A. & Taub, D.E. (1992) Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia: The Development of Deviant Identities. In D.H. Kelly (Ed.), Deviant Behavior: A Text-Reader in the Sociology of Deviance. (pp. 203-214). New York: Worth Publishers. Phillpot, D., & Sheppard, G. (1998). More Than Mere Vanity. Guidance & Counseling. 13, 28-34. Romero, F. (1994). Adolescent Boys and Anorexia Nervosa. Adolescence. 29, 643-648. Shiltz, T. (2000). Males and Eating Disorders: Research. Eating Disorders Awareness and Prevention, Inc. Retrieved on November 18, 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.edap.org/edinfo/menresearch.html Zerbe, K.J. (1992) Eating Disorders in the 1990s: Clinical Challenges and Treatment Implications. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic. 56, 167-188.

Compare and contrast the poems ‘part one’ by Adrian Henri and the excerpts from William Wordsworth’s poem ‘the prelude’

Both William Wordsworth and Adrian Henri base their poems on childhood experiences, which were inspirational for their poems. Each has a nostalgic view of their childhood and idealise the past which were carefree and when they had no responsibilities. Liverpool was a formative influence for Adrian Henri's poem ‘part one' which is an account of his early life. Whereas William Wordsworth's inspiration for his poem came from where he grew up, The Lake District in Cumbria. He has become Britain's most famous poet of nature. For each poet childhood experiences were a happy time; however there were also traumatic and more disturbing memories, especially for Henri, which they had suppressed. The settings of both Adrian Henri and William Wordworth's poems are the exact antithesis of each other. Adrian Henri grew up in industrial city which is on the north-west coast of England. The reference to ‘the ferryboat' and ‘the seven bridges' indicates that Adrian Henri grew up in Liverpool, the river being the river Mersey. The mention of ‘the boats on the bright river' and ‘the cranes from the dockyard' evokes the sense that Liverpool is a city where shipbuilding is a major source of employment. The description of the ‘nasty smell from the tannery' emphasises the view that Liverpool is an industrial area which creates pollution and causes damage to the environment. The allusion to the ‘big shops at Christmas' reminds us that Liverpool is a sizeable city and very busy at Christmas time. Although Liverpool reached its prime during the heady 1960's and indeed the city did suffer economically during the 1980's. Liverpool is possibly most renowned as the home of the most successful pop band of all time-the Beatles, heralding the beginning of an era in which Liverpool was the capital of popular culture. William Wordsworth's poem ‘the Prelude' has a famous extract in which the poet is ice-skating on a frozen lake, Esthwaite water near Hawkshead. The setting of Wordsworth's poem is a pastural scene where there is mention of ‘cottage windows' and ‘the striking of the village clock' which gives the impression that he came from a rural background and he was bought up in the countryside. The reference to ‘precipes and crags' indicate that there are mountains nearby where he grew up. The extract from the poem is set in the winter season around January or February. There is reference to the ‘frosty season' and there is characterisation of the ‘leafless trees' and the ‘fires blazing through the twilight gloom' the poet also mentions that it is nearly dark at 6 o'clock. Adrian Henri lived in area where there were a wide range of back to back terraced houses. He grew up very much in a traditional working class background, but a proud one which looked after their home, the step was ‘cleaned twice a week' and a ‘polished lobby' they were a devoutly religious family. We get the impression that Adrian Henri was an only child, who was cared by his grandfather as his mum had to work. The poet seemed to have been closer to his grandfather rather than his mother. On returning home from shopping he would shout to his grandfather to show him what he had ‘just been bought' he also recalls his grandfather's moustache tickling him whilst his grandfather was kissing. To a young child the grandfather could have been intimidating with his ‘load voice'. However, this was not the case because of the ‘laughter in his country mans eyes' his bark was more harmful than his bite. He was fastidious over his appearance he wore ‘gleaming black boots' he was a man of habit ‘he never wore a collar but always a stud. ‘ He was a countryman at heart. He grew up in a rural and the agricultural environment. His experiences seem to reflect one of the key movements in the nineteenth century called rural depopulation. Once arriving to Liverpool Adrian's grandfather would try re-create the countryside by building on allotment, he had a connexion with nature Adrian Henri compares his grandfather to a ‘tall fir tree inn the park. ‘ Adrian Henri's uncle Bill was a burden and an embarrassment to the family in front of neighbours and other visitors. He smelt of ‘bear and horses' from this we can conjecture he used to spend most of his time in the pub and betting offices. He was a veteran of the First World War, because of the war he became disabled he was incapacitated and unemployed. Unfortunately William Wordsworth's parents had past away ‘cares not for his home' he does not have to worry about going home on time. The poet uses a simile to compare himself to an ‘un tired horse' to evoke his energy and enthusiasm to be out of doors. In the line ‘we hissed along the polished ice in games' the poet uses onomatopoeia to suggest the sounds the skates would make while moving over the ice. In the middle of the poem Wordsworth deliberately chooses to convey an impression of great sound or movement ‘rhythm', ‘tumult', not a voice was idle'. It is maniphastly clear that Wordsworth preferred spending time alone rather than being around people. We get the impression Adrian Henri had a reasonable happy childhood he has fond memories of relatives ad images of home characterized by bright colours. However when Henri returns to his hometown it was a dillusioning experience. He had hoped to find familiar landmarks but everything had changed. ‘The allotment at the foot of the hill had gone now', ‘great gaunt terraces scarred with graffiti. ‘ By revisiting Liverpool it had bought back unhappy memories which had been forgotten. Wordsworth preferred to be on his own and isolated from other people. At the time of the boat incident it was early evening Wordsworth was independent he was in an adventures spirit. Stealing the boat indicates his willingness to do forbid things. it was an act of stealth and ‘troubled pleasure' at first he enjoyed the experience and deliberately rowed for the ‘horizons utmost boundary'- to escape from where he started willingness to be alone ‘prode of skill' the simile ‘the boat moved through the lake like a graceful swan'. There is a change of mood and atmosphere when the huge mountain comes into view. Wordsworth had a childish imagination that the mountains were alive and like a giant striding after him. Wordsworth uses personification to suggest the mountain is not inamate object but has come alive. Wordsworth had the impression that the mountain was in pursuit of him. Wordsworth hastly returned the boat which indicates how frightened he was at the time. After this incident Wordsworth's mood changed significantly. ‘part one' by Adrian Henri was not actually thought out, the poem is written in an unstructured way with no logical sequence, there is no punctuation, virtually no capital letters apart fro m the names. It is written in a stream of consciousness with a series of disconnected thoughts, whereas Wordsworth's poem. ‘The prelude' is a long autobiographical poem. It is written on a specific childhood experience. Both poems are about childhood memories but clearly there are differences, the settings of both poems, the way the poems are written and the mood and atmosphere of both poems differ. The way that Liverpool had all changed, the place Henri grew changed entirely, everything he had remembered had changed or gone. Houses had been knocked down ‘ugly flats' the people who had lived there had also gone. Henri's Liverpool had dramatically changed into an environment he did not remember. The Lake District is a renowned area of England for its natural scenery beauty, thousands of people visit from England and all over the world. Wordsworth was the one who ‘made it popular. ‘ In my opinion I prefer ‘part one' by Adrian Henri because it does not focus on a specific memory. It is easier to understand as it is not as long as ‘the prelude' which is on specific memories.

Analysis of Con Edison by Using Michael Porter`S Five...

THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK LEHMAN COLLEGE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR MANAGERS ANALYSIS OF CON EDISON BY USING MICHAEL PORTER`S FIVE FORCES MODEL INSTRUCTOR: MINE AYSEN DOYRAN STUDENT: Recep Maz What makes electric utilities (Con Edison) monopolistic and why? Support your answer by referring to AT LEAST 2 FORCES outlined in MICHEAL PORTER’S Five Forces of Analysis Historical facts about Con Edison Company I would like to give breath information which is really too helpful for further examination for us. Experiments in electric generation had been under way for decades, and by 1878, the Avenue de lOpera in Paris was lit with electric arc lamps. But arc†¦show more content†¦The plant remained in operation until 1895, and a commemorative plaque from 1917 marks the location today. Edison was not alone in realizing both the practical and business applications of electricity. In 1880, Charles Francis Brush and his Brush Electric Light Company installed carbon arc lights along Broadway from 14th Street to 34th Street. Fed from a small generating station at 25th Street, the electric arc lights went into regular service on December 20, 1880. When the Brooklyn Bridge o pened on May 24, 1883, it was lighted by seventy arc lamps operated by another competitor, the United States Illuminating Company. By 1886, some 1,500 arc lights had been installed in Manhattan. In 1887, H.H. Westinghouse (a younger brother of George Westinghouse) and his associates incorporated the Safety Electric Light and Power Company (later called the United Electric Light and Power Company) to generate and distribute alternating current power in New York. Other electric companies were created to serve nearby areas outside of Manhattan. 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Comprehensive Business Management System Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Most of the elements required for formulating a Safety management system have been ascertained. Moreover, it has been also linked with the supervision and control of the operations of the company. In Etihad Airways the establishment of SMS also took place to counter the existing dictatorial requirement and to establish according to the new requirements of the regulatory board. The safety management service of Etihad Airways covers the following aspect: Safety of the airport Industrial safety The safety of the aircraft and also its operation. The newly established SMS of the company provides the methods to identify the perils and also offers ways to control and reduce it to an acceptable range. This will also help to determine whether the risk control tools are efficient or not. Furthermore, the SMS sets the desired goals and performance levels for safety. It also seeks to develop a safety culture within the organization, training and promotion system. Now the steps or the building blocks to implement SMS are suggested below. The implementation plan can be divided into 4 phases and each phase can be subdivided into few stages. We will write a custom essay sample on Comprehensive Business Management System or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page This will be also demonstrated by a Gantt chart in the appendix. It is also important to portray a level of expectation from the SMS and the contractors indulge in the development must work accordingly.

Essay on Preventing Addiction - 1567 Words

Addiction, addict, addicted, and addicting, are all words that are socially frowned upon. Yet adolescent addiction is on the rise, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, prescription drug use in particular is on the rise. On the other hand, use of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and hallucinogens have decreased, but marijuana use has remained the same. Most addiction starts at the adolescent age when teens are trying to find themselves, and find relief from the social problems they encounter (Parvizy 2005). Researchers have looked into the different factors that can increase the risk of an adolescent becoming addicted to some form of drug or alcohol. In 2005, Parvizy et.al. did a qualitative study on the how adolescents†¦show more content†¦In these themes there were also subthemes. According to the researchers the subthemes of cause of addiction were being free and relaxed, gaining a sense of power and authority, lure of alcohol because it is forbidden and wishing to break the rules, curiosity and wishing to experience new sensations. Subthemes of increases in addiction rates are decrease in addiction onset age, availability of drugs and obtaining them easily, and rapid change from the use of inhalants to injecting drugs. Unhealthy friendships and communication subthemes include role of friendship in addiction, and increased use of drugs by adolescents in social places. Relationships between health and addiction included the two subthemes, smoking as the main health barrier and beginning of addiction, and religious beliefs, exercise, self-esteem, and knowledge are the main protective factors from addiction. The sub themes of family were the parents as role models, parental indifference, and hidden drug abuse (Parvizy 2005). 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Januarie sees Maye Essay Example For Students

Januarie sees Maye Essay Money and possessions are continually resurfacing themes in The Merchants Prologue and Tale. The Merchants Tale has a subtle mind behind the narration, as an audience we are never sure whether the tale is being narrated by the Merchant or Chaucer himself. In the general Prologue the portrait of the merchant is unfavourable; the Merchant an ignorant, misogyist who is obsessed with money and financial gain, his insensitivity in this regard permeates the tale in his belief that everything has a price tag tied around its neck. Januaries reasons for marriage are entirely self-serving; concern for his soul and a desire for a youg, beautiful wife who will satisfy his needs with minimum maintenance, both achieved in one fell swoop. Januarie treats the acquisition of a wife like the purchase of property Thanne is a wyf the fruyt of his tresor he constantly brings in financial imagery, the recurring economic motive reveal Januaries view of marriage as a financial contract or animal passion, but as nothing of greater value. From a linguistic perspective Januaries lexis persistently contains economic undertones Ne Take now wyf, qoud he, for Housbondrye,, As for to spare in household thy dispense, here Januarie uses wordplay to state the benefits of marriage, such as to economise household expenditures. Husbandry is polysemous, in this context it means domestic economy, however it could also mean the act of being a husband. This pun shows the correlation between marriage and money. According to scholastic definition, a Merchant buys goods only to sell them again, just as he received them, at a higher price. Hence by definition a merchant is rarely interested in the object he is selling but rather what it will bring and what its worth. In allegorical terms it can be argued Januarie is a merchant. Januarie buys Maye for Heaven on Earth So delicat, withouten wo and stryf, That I shal havemyn hevene in erthe heere, he is not only interested in her as a sexual object but what she will be bring and what she is worth. Ultimately Mayes role in the tale should be irrelevant ,in line with medieval attitudes towards women, the absence of her name and her taciturn nature up until Januaries blindness cast her as nothing more than a piece of Januaries property, Maye is window dressing, a trophy wife to compensate for Janruaries stooping age. Maye is viewed by Januarie as merely moebles; personal property. From a biblical perspective she is nothing more than a yifte; a gift from God. Women in medieval terms are viewed as chattel, an article of movable personal property or a slave. Januarie talks of Maye as A wyf to laste unto his lyves ende, for thanne his lyfe is set in sikernesse here, women are equated with property. If I yow tolde of every scrit and bond, by which that she was feffed in his lond, or for to herken of hir riche array The field from which the language is drawn is almost contractual and legalistic this reflects the terms in which Januarie sees Maye, Januarie finally condescends to buy Maye: emphasis is placed on the fact this purchase does not come cheaply. Later on in the tale Januarie asks Maye to think how he decided to choose her noght for no coveitise, doutelees he chose her for love not because of wealth. Januarie selects a woman without property or status, thinking this will guarantee his control over her. This reflects the social and cultural and an attitude of the time where title is equated with nobility and personal wealth is tied with respectability. When looking for a wife January literally shops for the girl who will be fortunate enough to become his bride.

Architecting Enterprise Solutions with UNIX Networking

Question: Discuss the microsoft operating systems instead of UNIX based operating systes? Answer: Operating Systems The decision to use Microsoft operating systems instead of UNIX based operating system for the companys Internet servers is wrong. More than 80% of the Internet servers are run the UNIX based operating systems and this is done for various reasons. There exist various factors that conclude that UNIX OSs eclipse Microsoft OSs in terms of their performance on Internet servers. First and foremost of all is Security. Security is pivotal in Internet servers. UNIX is innately more secure than Windows, be it on a server or in an embedded environment. This is in regard with the fact that UNIX was designed essentially to be a multiuser OS (Dedeke, 2009). Thus, only the administrator, or the root user, has administrative privileges, and users do not have the authority to access the kernel. Meanwhile, users of a Window OS can intentionally skin data from the administrator. Furthermore, UNIX OSs get attacked by viruses malwares less frequently than Microsoft OSs and it is faster and easier to de tect vulnerabilities in UNIX systems than in Microsoft systems. Second factor of UNIXs superiority over Microsoft is Stability. UNIX based systems are well applauded for their ability to perform for years without malfunctioning. Reports even suggest that some of the users have never experienced a crash in their history of usage of UNIX. Thus, UNIX systems are great for companies for which even a small downtime can have grave consequences. UNIX systems can also handle a large number of processes running at once much better than Windows (Microsoft OS); i.e. UNIX is better at multitasking than Microsoft OS. This tends to degrade Microsoft OSs stability quickly. Changes in configuration in Microsoft OSs generally requires a reboot (that results in downtime), whereas theres no need to reboot the UNIX system to make configuration changes, also it doesnt affect unrelated services like windows does. Moving from performance to costs, two important factors are Hardware and TCO (Total Cost of Ownership). To accommodate Microsoft OSs ever increasing resource demands, it typically tends to require frequent hardware upgrades, whereas UNIX systems are slim, flexible and scalable, and perform admirably on almost all computers, regardless of their processor or infrastructure (Hong Rezende, 2012). UNIX systems can be easily reconfigured in order to include only the services that are required by the companys purposes, thus plummeting memory requirements and enhancing performance. There is no comparison to UNIX in terms of total cost of ownership as the OS is generally free. A normal Microsoft OS is more expensive than an enterprise UNIX OS purchased with corporate support as Microsoft OSs include user-based licensing and a cluster of other add-ons, specifically for security. Now coming to a rather supplementary advantage of UNIX systems over Microsoft systems, that being Freedom. With UNIX systems there arent any commercial merchants trying to commit you into some specific prod ucts. Instead the user is free to amalgamate and use whatever works best for the company. To conclude UNIX systems have the upper hand over Microsoft systems in the area of performance (security stability) as well as cost (hardware TCO). Viewing these advantages, its no wonder governments, corporations and big MNCs rely on the open source OS (UNIX) in their own servers (Blommers, 1999). Thus, it would be best for our company to use UNIX base servers rather than Microsoft OS on the companys servers for better performance and lower costs. UNIX based servers are a win-win. References Blommers, J. (1999).Architecting enterprise solutions with UNIX networking. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall PTR. Dedeke, A. (2009). Is Linux Better than Windows Software?.IEEE Softw.,26(3), 104-104. doi:10.1109/ms.2009.72 Hong, S., Rezende, L. (2012). Lock-in and unobserved preferences in server operating systems: A case of Linux vs. Windows.Journal Of Econometrics,167(2), 494-503. doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2011.09.031